ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA PENDERITA CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) DI RSUD DR. MOEWARDI SURAKARTA
Keywords:
chronic kidney disease, anemia, risk factors, risk factor analysis, anemia prevalenceAbstract
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global health problem and is frequently associated with anemia. Globally, CKD affects approximately 697.5 million people and contributes substantially to cardiovascular morbidity and an estimated 2.6 million deaths. In Indonesia, the prevalence of anemia among CKD patients is approximately 78%. At Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, anemia affects 56.8% of patients with CKD, emphasizing the importance of identifying its associated risk factors. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for anemia among CKD patients at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital.
Methods: This quantitative study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design. Saturated sampling was used to include all eligible medical records, resulting in a total sample of 684 CKD patients from the previous year. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Several factors were significantly associated with anemia in CKD patients, including CKD stage, sex, comorbidities, iron therapy, and hemodialysis (all p < 0.05). Among these variables, comorbidities emerged as the strongest predictor of anemia, with an odds ratio (OR) of 20.022, indicating a markedly increased likelihood of anemia in CKD patients with comorbid conditions.
Conclusion: CKD stage, sex, comorbidities, iron therapy, and hemodialysis are significant risk factors for anemia among CKD patients. Comorbidities represent the most influential risk factor, suggesting that comprehensive management of coexisting diseases may play a crucial role in reducing the burden of anemia in patients with CKD.
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